阿里时序数据库操作

实践/后端/项目/12.阿里云InfluxDB使用.md

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+> 连接数据库
+
+普通连接数据库：
+```
+./influx -ssl -username influxuser
+ -password user@influxDB -host ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com -port 3242
+```
+
+以json展示：
+```
+./influx -ssl -username influxuser -password user@influxDB -host ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com -port 3242 -format=json
+```
+
+json以美观的方式展示
+```
+./influx -ssl -username influxuser -password user@influxDB -host ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com -port 3242 -format=json -pretty 
+```
+
+> 使用数据库
+
+```
+use dingding_influx
+show measurements
+```
+
+> 新建measurement
+
+```
+创建名称是cpu的measurement:
+INSERT cpu,host=serverA,region=us_west value=0.64
+select host, region, value from cpu
+
+创建名称是temperature的measurement:
+INSERT temperature,machine=unit42,type=assembly external=25,internal=37
+select * from temperature
+```
+
+> 删除measurement
+
+删除measurement需要管理员权限
+```
+drop measurement cpu
+```
+
+> 通过Postman请求数据
+
+请求
+```
+POST https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/query?u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+Headers: Content-Type application/x-www-form-urlencoded
+Body:
+    db=dingding_influx
+    q=select host, region, value from cpu
+```
+
+请求成功返回
+```
+{
+    "results": [
+        {
+            "statement_id": 0,
+            "series": [
+                {
+                    "name": "cpu",
+                    "columns": [
+                        "time",
+                        "host",
+                        "region",
+                        "value"
+                    ],
+                    "values": [
+                        [
+                            "2019-07-26T08:58:21.438818256Z",
+                            "serverA",
+                            "us_west",
+                            0.64
+                        ]
+                    ]
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+如果请求没有的measurement返回
+```
+{
+    "results": [
+        {
+            "statement_id": 0
+        }
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+如果用户名错误、密码错误、用户名和密码同时错误返回
+```
+{
+    "error": "authorization failed"
+}
+```
+
+如果数据库错误
+```
+{
+    "error": "error authorizing query: influxuser not authorized to execute statement 'SELECT host, region, value FROM cpu', requires READ on dingding_influ"
+}
+```
+
+如果请求meaasurement中没有的字段，比如`select hos, region, value from cpu`返回
+```
+{
+    "results": [
+        {
+            "statement_id": 0,
+            "series": [
+                {
+                    "name": "cpu",
+                    "columns": [
+                        "time",
+                        "hos",
+                        "region",
+                        "value"
+                    ],
+                    "values": [
+                        [
+                            "2019-07-26T08:58:21.438818256Z",
+                            null,
+                            "us_west",
+                            0.64
+                        ]
+                    ]
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+如果q值为空返回
+```
+{
+    "error": "missing required parameter \"q\""
+}
+```
+
+**时间戳格式**
+
+默认数据的时间格式是UTC，编码是RFC3339, 例如`2015-08-04T19:05:14.318570484Z`, 如果想反悔Unix格式，使用`epoch`字段。
+
+```
+epoch=h,m,s,ms,u,ns
+```
+
+**分块Chunking**
+
+默认分块的数量是10000个数据据点，如果想改变分块大小，通过`chunked`和`chunk_size`设置。
+```
+chunked=true
+chunk_size=20000
+```
+
+
+> Postman写入数据
+
+内部是以二进制方式写入数据。阿里云时序数据库API默认的写入时间是在5秒之内，如果一次性写入过多的数据，写入时间超过5秒，就不保证所有数据都被写入。所以当数据点比较多，比如有5000个数据点，需要把数据拆分。
+
+单点写入数据点
+```
+POST https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/write?db=dingding_influx&u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+Body: cpu_load_short,host=server01,region=us-west value=0.64 1434055562000000000
+```
+
+返回类型是204(No Content)。
+
+多点写入数据点(没有成功)
+```
+POST https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/write?db=dingding_influx&u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+Body: 
+    cpu_load_short,host=server02,region=us-west value=0.55 1422568543702900257
+    cpu_load_short,direction=in,host=server01,region=us-west value=2.0 1422568543702900257'
+```
+
+> 故障排除
+
+使用浏览器打开。
+```
+总览页：
+https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/debug/pprof?u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+
+https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/debug/pprof/goroutine?u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/debug/pprof/heap?u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/debug/pprof/mutex?u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/debug/pprof/threadcreate?u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+```
+
+
+> 跟踪请求
+
+```
+默认跟踪10秒内的请求：
+https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/debug/requests?u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+
+跟踪1分钟内的请求：
+https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/debug/requests?seconds=60&u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+```
+
+> 运行时的统计信息
+
+使用/ping检查TSDB For InfluxDB®实例的状态和TSDB For InfluxDB®的版本。使用Postman请求。
+```
+GET https://ts-uf60ncdtuve8d41w3.influxdata.rds.aliyuncs.com:3242/ping?u=influxuser&p=user@influxDB
+返回204 在Headers里面有版本信息
+```
+